Varicose veins of the pelvis in women

Varicose veins of the pelvis in women

Small pelvic varicose veins in women (ectasia, parametry, dilation, or phlebostasis) are triggered by this condition due to the backflow of blood through the ovarian artery that occurs due to vascular compression.

The intensifying development of the disease is pregnancy.

Internal varicose veins of the small pelvis are manifested in intense and persistent pain in the lower abdomen.

In the literature, varicose veins of the pelvis are also referred to by the terms "syndrome of pelvic vein congestion", "varicocele in women", "syndrome of chronic pelvic pain".

In the overwhelming majority of cases (80%), varicose vein transformation affects the ovarian veins and is observed extremely rarely (1%) in the veins of the latum ligament of the uterus.

According to modern medical approaches, VVMT should not be treated so much from a gynecological, but above all from a phlebological point of view.

The causes of the appearance of pathologies

Most often, pelvic vein ectasia is noted in women. In addition, in gynecology, this disease is usually diagnosed in patients aged 20 to 40 years.

Often times, patients with pelvic varicose veins try to have a home treatment first. Folk methods that are used without the advice and recommendations of a doctor can lead to negative side effects, so after a while you need to go to a phlebologist for advice.

The main factors that lead to the appearance of this pathology include:

  1. Excessive physical activity.
  2. Passive lifestyle.
  3. Congenital diseases of the vascular walls - weakening, plasticity, underdevelopment.
  4. Inflammatory processes in the pelvic organs.
  5. Hormonal imbalance.

Pathology of the sexual plan - anorgasmia, pain and the appearance of discomfort during intercourse, which have a psychological etiology of appearance, while very often practicing interrupted sexual contact.

Varicose veins on the leg with varicose veins of the pelvis

At the same time, varicose veins of the pelvis, treatment and symptoms of this disease are similar to varicose veins on the legs. In this situation, the valves in the veins begin to disrupt the work of the valves that help circulate blood to the heart muscle.

A malfunction occurs in the valves that act as protection for reverse blood flow.

When their work is disturbed, blood begins to stagnate in the veins. Veins filled with blood increase in volume, which further exacerbates the phenomenon of stagnation.

Pelvic vein congestion usually occurs near the vulva, fallopian tubes, uterine region, and can even dilate the veins in the vagina.

First signs and symptoms

A number of basic clinical symptoms indicate the development of varicose veins. The main signs of this disease are unreasonable pain in the lower abdomen, in the pelvic area, often they begin to radiate into the perineum or the lumbar region. The patient is also annoyed by the copious discharge of mucus from the vagina, especially in the middle of the monthly cycle.

In addition to the main symptoms, there are other very important symptoms of varicose veins:

Pain in the lower abdomen with varicose veins of the pelvis
  1. In certain cases, infertility is found in women.
  2. Dysmenorrhea. Manifestation of pain during menstruation.
  3. Noticeable passage of premenstrual symptoms.
  4. Irradiation of pain in the groin, lower back and sacrum.
  5. A symptom of dyspareunia (the manifestation of discomfort in the vagina or vulva, both during and after intercourse).
  6. Manifestation of a painful crisis (as a result of severe hypothermia, excessive physical exhaustion, psycho-emotional stress).
  7. The appearance of abdominal pain after prolonged overload (dynamic or static).

Given these clinical symptoms, it is necessary to see a doctor as soon as possible, since this pathology can have a large number of unpleasant complications:

  • Varicose veins can be a contraindication to natural childbirth;
  • the work of the reproductive organs is disturbed;
  • there is a fear of sexual contact;
  • Irritability and anxiety arise.

It must also be said that all of the above symptoms can be expressed in different ways, in certain patients all the signs of the disease are detected and in some only some of them.

Methods of diagnosing the disease

In order to make the correct diagnosis, the patient must undergo a comprehensive examination. If a woman complains of pain arising for an unknown reason, the specialist first determines all the reasons that are responsible for the manifestation of the symptom of pain. The patient's lower extremities are carefully examined. This is how you can identify the manifestation of varicose veins. In some situations, a diagnosis is made by a vascular doctor.

Ultrasound diagnosis of pelvic varicose veins

The main diagnostic methods are as follows:

  1. Ultrasound of the venous system. The examination enables the examination of convolutions and varicose veins.
  2. Laparoscopy. Determine varicose veins in the ovarian region.
  3. CT. It allows the exclusion of the disease, the detection of varicose veins in the ovaries and uterus, the magnification on the monitor, as well as their tortuosity.
  4. Selective ovarkography. The most accurate investigation. It is performed by injecting a contrast medium into the subclavian and femoral veins.
  5. Doppler ultrasound. Determines in the veins of the ovaries and uterus a decrease in the systolic speed of the process.

Using these methods makes it possible to define the symptoms of the disease more clearly.

Degrees and Differentiated Approach

In order to standardize the diagnosis and the possibility of a differential approach to treatment, A. E. Volkov divided the varicose veins, taking into account the location of the formation of venous ectasias and the size of the dilated vessels.

Three stages of this disease are divided:

  • the first stage - "corkscrew" movement of the vessel, the size of the vein is no more than 6 mm;
  • the second stage - the size of the vein is no more than 7-11 mm throughout the type of varicose veins, VR of the arcuate uterine plexus veins, VR of the parametric veins, loose ectasia of the ovarian plexus;
  • the third stage - the size of the vein is more than 11 mm during the main form of parametric formation or the entire VR type.

Taking into account the severity of the pathological process, you can use drug treatment methods or operations.

Methods of treating varicose veins

During stage 1-2 of varicose vein disease, conservative therapeutic methods are most often used (therapeutic gymnastics, NPS drugs, venotonics).

Gymnastics with varicose veins of the small pelvis

Conservative therapy during the syndrome of venous congestion is symptomatic, including the normalization of rest and physical activity, which excludes excessive active loads and prolonged standing.

If the patient is diagnosed with varicose veins, then the treatment procedures are primarily aimed at performing the following tasks:

  1. Relief of symptoms of bleeding, pain, etc.
  2. Restoration of venous tone, increased blood circulation in tissues.
  3. Cessation of reverse blood flow through the venous system of the ovaries.

It is necessary to realize that even very high-quality therapy of this pathology cannot completely cure varicose veins.

However, adequate treatment can prevent the main clinical symptoms and significantly improve the patient's condition.

Treatment for EMCT has several main components:

  1. Regular exercises in medical gymnastics to prevent the onset of the disease.
  2. Natural drug use during an exacerbation.

Conservative therapy of affected veins

Due to the internal location of the veins infected with pathology, drugs are taken orally, it is simply impossible to apply venous ointments and gels.

During this disease, the following drugs are used:

  1. Horse chestnut extract - to relieve inflammation and swelling.
  2. On the basis of Diosmin - to eliminate high vascular elasticity, avoid damage, reduce permeability.
  3. Vitamin C - strengthens the vascular walls.

Doctors recommend combining conservative treatment with exercise therapy and using compression underwear. Compression stockings are particularly necessary during pregnancy.

Surgical intervention

Surgery for varicose veins of the pelvis

Surgery is an extreme method of treatment used when the disease is very advanced and VR of the veins is suspected.

Surgical intervention is selected taking into account the location of the main disorder of the veins and includes the following interventions:

  • Surgery crossectomy - is also used for diseases of the leg veins;
  • Ligation of a vein in the genitals (usually done at the same time as the perineal miniflebectomy);
  • Ligation of the ovarian vein.

If surgery is required, the choice of appropriate manipulations is quite individual, since it all depends on the location of the varicose veins.

Movement and remedial gymnastics

Exercises for varicose veins of the pelvis

If we take into account the necessary physical exercises, then during this disease, women need to do at least one of the exercises every day - "birch", "bicycle", "scissors".

A change shower in the pelvic area and breathing exercises are also very useful. At the same time, properly and efficiently performed gymnastics is the fastest way to restore a healthy and normal life.

The simplest but most effective exercises are as follows:

  1. In the supine position, raise your legs, then bend and lift as high as possible. The exercise is done about 10 times.
  2. Lie on your back, straighten your legs, then bend, pulling towards your chest area. Run at least 10 times.
  3. You need to walk across the room for half an hour. First - on your toes, then - on your heels, after that - raise your knees as much as possible.
  4. Lying on your stomach, alternately lift your legs. In the maximum position, the leg must be fixed for a few seconds. At least 7 approaches for each leg.

Folk recipes and remedies

Varicose veins can be treated at home.

Decoction of dandelion roots with varicose veins of the small pelvis

The most famous and popular methods of treatment in popular parlance:

  1. Horse chestnut infusion.
  2. Kombucha tincture.
  3. Dandelion root tincture.
  4. Treatment with leeches, which are applied to the coccyx and sacrum region.

Diet plays an important role in treating varicose veins. The daily diet must be balanced and contain sufficient fiber and natural proteins.

Preventive measures

It is also necessary to use a few simple tips that will help prevent VVMT. In addition, with constant observation, they can also improve the overall condition of the body:

  1. Practice every day.
  2. Use special tights for treatment.
  3. Add more vegetables to your daily diet. Avoid foods that cause constipation.
  4. During sedentary work, take breaks, you need to walk at least 10 minutes every two hours.
  5. Do not abuse alcohol or smoke.
  6. Do not take hormonal preparations uncontrollably.
  7. After surgery for VVMT, you will need to take prophylactic doses of the drugs prescribed by your doctor.

Possible prognosis

If the varicose veins are not treated at all, after a while the veins begin to increase even more (by 90%), which threatens serious side effects, including thrombosis. In the remaining 10% of patients with varicose veins who developed it after pregnancy, the disease does not progress to a more severe stage, but it never goes away on its own.

Starting the treatment of the pathology, you can achieve full recovery (15-25%, taking into account the degree of severity) or significant improvement (55-60%), especially with the simultaneous combination of operative and conservative methods. But one way or another, after a complex therapy, lifelong prophylaxis must be carried out, which consists of maintaining a correct lifestyle, regular medication or compression support for the veins.