A pathological condition in the vasodilation of the tube in the esophagus or the stomach appears in the lower part, the adjacent, called varicose veins of the esophagus, the symptoms of which are described in detail in this article.
The disease develops due to the increased pressure in the portal vein, decreased outflow of blood. This condition is called chronic Hepatitis B, cirrhosis of the liver. Occurs vessels a change in the structure of the blood. On the side walls of the various projections are formed, and the shell is a thin capillary.
The vessels have a spiral shape, the mucosa is hyperemic and ulceration. This leads to massive bleeding, which does not have the Pre-symptoms.
The pathology has been defined by the Code according to ICD 185, as the varicose veins of the esophagus, 185 (9) without bleeding, 185 (0) with bleeding.
What is the
Stable hypertension (high blood pressure) in the portal vein leads to 2-4 times more than the Norm to diseases of the esophagus. A further increase in blood pressure (24 – 27 waters.st) leads to the rupture of the vessel and the development of bleeding.
High blood pressure in the portal vein leads to a reduction of the blood outflow, the deformation of the blood vessels, whose elongation and thinning of the walls. On the walls of the blood vessels, the projections are formed, where the blood. At elevated pressure, the increase in load on the wall of the capillary and it can tear.
In the case of pathologies of the system of internal varicose veins, smaller dimensions, and is localized on the entire surface of the tubular esophagus. If the extension called pathological processes in the liver, the vessels are more advanced, and acts in the lower area of the esophagus.
Complications in Form of bleeding does not depend on the size of the node or of the condition of the vessel wall and the jump of the pressure in the portal vein.
To provoke him:
- overeating;
- increased physical stress;
- the increase in intra-abdominal pressure.
Sometimes, the bleeding is manifested during sleep. There are factors that aggravate the condition: failure of the Cardia, as well as the reduction of blood clotting. Here, as a dangerous varicose veins of the esophagus.
In the disease of the esophagus ICD varicose veins-10-Code needs to know the doctor.
Varices of the esophagus: causes
Causes for the development of pathological processes, the high blood pressure in the portal vein. It is:
- parenchymatous diseases of the liver caused by cirrhosis, tumors, amyloidosis;
- Stenosis of the portal vein (thrombosis, external pressure, sclerosis);
- chronic insufficiency of the cardiovascular System.
To the risk group of people, which may include the esophagus, varicose veins include:
- >Persons older than 50 years (mostly men);
- Patients with chronic SSA and pathology of the digestive tract;
- Patients with cirrhosis of the liver.
The most common varicose veins of the esophagus develops a cirrhosis of the liver and chronic Hepatitis. Alcohol abuse occurs, the change in the structure of the parenchyma. There form scars, which interfere with slow down the normal flow of blood, resulting in a Stagnation of blood and formation of varicose veins blood vessels.
The stage of the disease
Distinguish the congenital Form, the observed in the newborn. But this pathology rarely occurs, and is accompanied by other severe injuries. The development of the violation of the genetic causes and the course of pregnancy. The acquired Form occurs in men, overcoming the 50-year-old in the country and abroad, and the harmful habits.
According to the stage of defeat of vessels there are four types of disease:
1 Phase. This is the first degree of the varices in the amount of 3 mm is not exceeded and only with endoscopy. In the implementation of x-ray images with contrast magnifying glass seen time the circulation of the blood, but no bleeding. In esophageal Foramen shrinks "irregular".
2 Phase. In this stage, the Lumen of the vessels and varicose veins is not, but Vienna purchase the curve structure-rich, disturbed increases. The diagnosis is shots with the help of the contrast x-ray, it is not clear the contours of the vessels, and rounded projections. Bleeding not.
3 Phase. A permanent extension of some of the parts of the blood vessels, the Lumen of the vein narrows. Clearly visible varices, altered mucous membrane (thinning). This Phase is characterized by a high degree of risk for the emergence of a hemorrhage.
On the x-ray image formation on the mucous membrane of the dining-skin-to-skin tube in the Form of polyps, as well as the chiseled Perforation of the mucosa. The condition is considered to be difficult and requires immediate hospitalization.
4 Phase. A strong thinning of the mucus is observed lining the blood skin vessels, the formation of your polyps. Varices of the esophagus at this stage, have the appearance of wine grapes, as well as the Lumen of the esophagus cover. With the progression of the disease, you can close. In this period in patients observed skin, hyperemia of the mucous membrane, the formation on your erosive defects. This condition is regarded as critical because it causes frequent and massive bleeding.
Varicose Veins Esophagus Symptoms
The beginning of the disease, nothing shows. So that the patients in medical treatment, if the disease is already "momentum". Itself does not recognize, the disease is possible because the first symptoms of the disease similar to the symptoms of diseases of the digestive system. So, if there is an enlargement of the veins of the esophagus, the symptoms are the following:
- the occurrence of shortness of breath;
- the presence of heartburn (regardless of the meal);
- Pain in the area of the xiphoid process;
- Violation of swallowing.
If it's varicose veins of the esophagus and of the stomach, the main characters — vascular pattern on the skin of the anterior abdominal wall as the "head of Medusa". It make sick modified veins. This Symptom appears in the later period of the durchflieens of the disease. Later, in the occurrence of bleeding in the patient is present:
- Hematemesis;
- Blood in the stool;
- Tachycardia;
- Hypotension (a sharp reduction in the display);
- Shock.
Diagnosis and treatment
The Patient has varicose veins of the stomach and esophagus with such methods as:
- Ultrasound examination of the esophagus, and the organs of the abdominal cavity;
- the General analysis of blood;
- x-ray absorption with the use of contrast.
Providing diagnosis, take into account that the bleeding ulcerous defeat of the esophagus, and can be dismantled Tumor cause. This gap along the mucous membrane of the upper part of the stomach or the distal area of the esophagus due to frequent vomiting.
With the confirmation of a diagnosis of varicose veins of the esophagus treatment of vascular tube of the esophagus prescribed, according to the degree. If the disease is discovered, the occurrence of bleeding, the treatment is aimed at him:
- Blood transfusion;
- vasoconstrictors;
- hemostatic drugs;
- Electro-coagulation of the affected vessel;
- the pressure on the affected vessels a special probe.
After that, therapeutic measures for the prevention of relapse (Snooze) heart attack. If it esophageal varices in cirrhosis of the liver, treats the underlying disease. It aims to restore the function of your liver tissue. Also patients recommend, to give up bad habits, avoid strong physical effort.
- Prescribe antacids (drugs, gastric acid), in order to prevent excessive irritation of the esophagus.
- Astringent medicines, which inflammation.
- Vitamin Therapy.
In the diagnosis of varicose veins of the esophagus, treatment with medicines, can be supplemented by surgical Intervention for the prevention of relapse.
Bandage – varicose veins are small discs made of rubber. The introduction of a solution into the affected vein is injected. The implementation of the procedures is necessary, not less than four times per year. All damaged, removed veins, not recoverable.
In the case of cirrhosis of the liver, the Patient can not do the classical surgery. In this case, the endoscopic doping of the blood vessels of the esophagus. The method consists in the ligation of the vessel wall Nylon straps or elastic rings.
Special Shunts that connect the Portal and hepatic veins. There is the possibility of normalization of blood pressure in the vessels.
Diet meals
In the diagnosis of varicose veins of the esophagus treatment includes many measures, including the compliance with certain rules of diet.
Diet for varicose veins of the esophagus implies the consumption of food, to strengthen the elasticity of blood vessels, to strengthen, and prevents the formation of blood clots.
Recommended food contain Vitamin B, C as well as dietary fiber:
- Legumes;
- Salad;
- Corn oil and olive oil;
- Citrus fruits;
- Seafood;
- Nuts;
- Vegetables and fruits.
The meat you'd better seafood or beef liver replace. Not salty, spicy and spicy food is desirable, according to which the Patient has a large amount of water to drink. This leads to a swelling of the tissue. The recommended amount of fluid per day is 2 liters. Also you can vessels drink milk as it promotes elasticity of the blood.
Do not use:
- Alcohol;
- black tea and coffee;
- Confectionery;
- Canned and smoked products;
- Sugar.
The preparation and consumption of meals has its own nuances. Have to cook on the way a couple of or cooking, but also baking. You take the food you do not need to the small portions, in order to transmit, the food should not be too hot or cold.
Preventive Measures
For the prevention of diseases, you should immediately consult a doctor. Treatment of pathologies of the liver, if you have a history of. Observe the right diet to get rid of bad habits, pay attention to your weight. Also do not need to suspend the body by excessive physical strain.
This applies not only to the nature of the activity, but also the gym with the execution of strength exercises. Physical exercises should not be excluded, but necessary to the charging process of a doctor physical therapy specifically for patients with varicose veins of the esophagus. Complex, such an exercise aims to improve blood circulation, reduce the risk of blood clots, lowering of cholesterol deposits.
To free also in the prevention of this disease, such as varicose veins of the esophagus plays an important role in the harmonious functioning of the digestive tract. Therefore, such patients is recommended, infusions of medicinal herbs, which have a choleretic effect and improve digestion. For the prevention of back-flow (pour) the stomach contents into the esophagus, to sleep, resulting in irritation of the mucous membranes, lift the head end of the bed 10 cm.
The implementation of these recommendations will help you to avoid development of a serious illness or refund. And we must bear in mind that you need a doctor, to prevent, if the first symptoms to severe complications in the Form of profuse bleeding. It is undesirable, with the disease venous varicose veins of the esophagus face.